Wildlife and Infectious Animal Diseases by Jørgen M. Westergaard

Author:Jørgen M. Westergaard
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9788289327138
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers

2.3.3 Epidemic surveillance and control of infectious animal diseases in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad Oblasts of the Russian Federation

Dr Artem Metlin, Prof. Konstantin Gruzdev, Dr Alexandr Shevtsov, Prof. Sergey Rybakov, Dr. Alisa Varentsova, Dr. Alexander Kononov. Federal Governmental Budgetary Institution “Federal Centre for Animal Health,” Vladimir, Russia

Rabies is one of the most significant zoonoses in the world and its surveillance is of utmost importance. As major reservoirs of rabies are wild carnivores, rabies surveillance and control measures must be focused on the disease monitoring in wildlife. The Leningrad Oblast was free from rabies until 2009 when 5 raccoon dogs were found positive for rabies virus during the disease monitoring in wildlife at the border with the Novgorod Oblast. Despite vaccination campaigns using oral rabies vaccine are carried out in the Oblast annually. The Kaliningrad Oblast is endemic for rabies but due to EU-supported oral vaccination campaigns conducted since 2007, the number of rabies cases significantly decreased. Active monitoring of rabies was started in 2011 and currently the situation with rabies in wildlife is under the control of local veterinary laboratories and FGBI “ARRIAH”.

An outbreak of classical swine fewer (CSF) was recorded in the Leningrad Oblast in 2012 but according to the official information no cases were recorded in 2013. No cases of CSF were reported in wild boars in the Leningrad Oblast either.

Primary introduction of African swine fever (ASF) to the territory of the Russian Federation occurred in 2007. Since then over 500 outbreaks of the disease were reported including cases in wild boars. In 2009 the first outbreak of ASF was registered in the Leningrad Oblast but no cases of ASF in wild boars were found in the Oblast at that time. The similar situation was observed in 2010 and 2011 when outbreaks were recorded only in domestic pigs. No outbreaks were reported in the Leningrad Oblast in 2012 and 2013.

The Kaliningrad Oblast is free from ASF and CSF. Monitoring of CSF and ASF is conducted according to the monitoring plans by local veterinary laboratories and FGBI “ARRIAH”.

In 2013 in the framework of measures taken to maintain WTO agreement requirements FGBI “ARRIAH” researchers tested sera taken from deer and fallow deer in different regions of Russia. ELISA testing of 129 samples did not reveal antibodies to Schmallenberg Virus (SBV). SBV was not detected by PCR testing of 150 EDTA blood samples taken from mouflons in hunter’s farms either.

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